Preventing & delaying T1D
Finding T1D early — and the therapies that delay it.
Screening that catches T1D before symptoms, and the immune therapies that slow or delay its onset — each scored 0–100 against published, category-specific criteria including effect size, durability, safety, and clinical maturity. Every row shows where it sits in the pipeline, when and where it is available, and the headline result. Expand for the full scorecard and primary sources.
Tests that catch T1D before symptoms — autoantibody and risk screening — ranked on predictive value, actionability, and reach.
Screening, opened to everyone. A low-cost, at-home finger-prick kit that opens autoantibody screening to the general public.
Pipeline
Available
Available now
Where
US (mail-in)
Headline result
Cuts DKA at diagnosis to <5%
A UK research programme testing whether childhood general-population screening for islet autoantibodies is feasible and acceptable at national scale.
Pipeline
Available
Available now
Where
UK
The first country to make screening the law. Italy legislated universal childhood screening for presymptomatic T1D — one finger-prick, two diseases, every child.
Pipeline
Available
Italy — rolling out
Where
Italy (national)
Headline result
World's first screening law
The plumbing that turns national screening studies into a European programme. One master protocol, one finger-prick panel, 13 countries — the shared infrastructure Europe's screening programmes are being built on.
Pipeline
Available
Europe — research consortium
Where
13 European countries (incl. UK)
Headline result
Europe's screening backbone
The pioneering general-population screening program that tests young children for multiple islet autoantibodies during routine pediatric visits — no family history required — to ca
Pipeline
Available
Available now
Where
EU
The foundation of prevention. A blood panel for the four islet autoantibodies — the foundation of every prevention pathway.
Pipeline
Available
Available now
Where
Global (labs)
Headline result
2+ antibodies = ~84% 15-yr risk
A large US screening program from Sanford Health that tests children for the early immune markers of Type 1 diabetes (and celiac disease) during routine pediatric care, with the ai
Pipeline
Available
Available now
Where
US
Australia's national islet-autoantibody screening program, coordinated from Royal Melbourne Hospital, offering free in-home finger-prick blood-spot testing to people with a family
Pipeline
Available
Available now
Where
AU
A general-population childhood screening program in Colorado that tests for islet autoantibodies regardless of family history — the model for catching most future T1D, since the gr
Pipeline
Available
Available now
Where
US
A Washington-state program that screens for Type 1 diabetes and celiac risk using leftover newborn-screening blood spots, so families get a risk estimate with no extra blood draw,
Pipeline
Available
Available now
Where
US
Free screening for relatives. Free autoantibody screening and long-term monitoring for relatives of people with T1D.
Pipeline
Available
Available now
Where
US · intl sites
Headline result
Free screening for relatives
The metabolic staging test that turns a positive autoantibody screen into an actionable stage-1 vs stage-2 risk assessment.
Pipeline
Available
Available now
Where
US · UK · EU · CA · AU · JP · OTHER
The half of type 1 diabetes that screening forgot. The first general-population screening study in adults — because half of type 1 diabetes does not start in childhood.
Pipeline
Available
Open now (UK)
Where
UK
Headline result
First adult population screen
A polygenic + HLA risk score, often run on a newborn blood spot, that flags the small fraction of infants at elevated lifetime T1D risk — before any autoantibody appears — so they
Pipeline
Available
Years away
Where
EU · UK · US · OTHER
Answers how to screen a country — but recruitment has closed. Three ways to screen a nation's children, tested against each other.
Pipeline
Available
Closed to new registrations
Where
Australia (pilot, closed to new registrations)
Headline result
3 screening models, up to 9,000 children
Teplizumab (Tzield) is the first therapy proven to delay clinical T1D. Same scoring as Cure, Living and Trials. Science journalism, not medical advice.